PRPGRAM-Learning outcomes

Once the basic radiological topics completed, students will be taught different conventional and advanced imaging modalities and techniques such as:

A) Imaging procedures I, II, and III,
Imaging procedures of the upper and lower extremities, skull, spine, chest, abdomen and pelvis using the conventional x-ray machine in addition to imaging the internal organs and vascular system using the fluoroscopy which is an imaging technique by which a real-time moving images of the internal structures of a patient can be
acquired using a continuous x-ray beam. Images are displayed onto a TV-like monitor. Fluoroscopy is used in many types of imaging examinations and procedures, such as barium meal and enema, cardiac angiogram, and placement of intravenous (IV) catheters (hollow tubes inserted into veins or arteries).

B) Computed Tomography (CT)
Computed Tomography (CT) is an imaging technique in which several x-ray beams produced by the x-ray tube penetrate the human body at different angles and interact with specific detectors to form a map that represents how much attenuation the x-ray beams experienced when passing the human tissues.

C) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging is a non-invasive imaging technique that makes use of strong magnetic field, radiofrequency (RF) waves, and magnetic field gradients to create high quality images of the internal structures of the human body.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has evolved in the 1970’s as a tomographic imaging technique by which Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) from a single (thin) slice through the human body could be acquired to become the imaging modality of choice for many radiological examinations. MRI is a complex imaging modality, and new developments in the hardware and pulse sequences are required. MRI offers a wide range of image contrasts that make it useful for a multitude of clinical applications.

D) Nuclear medicine (NM)
Nuclear Medicine (NM) is a sub-specialty of Radiology in which radioisotopes (compounds containing radioactive forms of atoms) are introduced into the body for the purpose of imaging, evaluating organ function, or localizing disease or tumors.
 
Unlike conventional or computed radiography, in which x-ray beams are generated externally and pass through the human body. Nuclear medicine is based on radioactive materials (that can be either injected or swallowed in a special form known as pharmaceutical and taken up by the target tissue) emit radiation which can be detected externally by a special device such as gamma camera.

E) Ultrasound (US)
Ultrasound involves the use of high-frequency sound waves to create images of organs and systems within the body.